Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors demonstrate a efficient platform for bioprocess applications. These reactors utilize loosely packed hollow fibers as the reaction element, offering significant surface area for exchange. The configuration of the fibers promotes efficient transport of both feedstock and effluent. Applications of hollow fiber membran

This study investigates the efficacy of Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) membrane bioreactors in wastewater treatment. Various operational parameters, including membranestructure, hydraulic loading rate, and biomass content, were evaluated to determine their impact on the performance of the bioreactors. Results indicated that PVDF membrane bioreactor